Hatshepsut was the first great woman in recorded history.
Born
in 1520 BC she was the daughter of Thutmose I and the first wife of
Thutmose II. When he died, she proclaimed herself Pharoah, denying her
nephew of his inheritance. To convince everyone, she claimed that the
God Amon-Ra spoke the words: "Welcome, my sweet daughter, my favourite,
the king of Upper and Lower Egypt, Maatkare, Hatshepsut. Thou art the
King, taking possession of the two lands." She dressed as a king,
even wearing a false beard, and the Egyptian people seemed to have accepted
this unprecedented behaviour.
During
her twenty years in power, the Egyptian economy flourished. She expanded
trading relations and built many fabulous temples. She also restored
many others. Thutmose III shared her place as Pharoah as he grew up,
though he actually succeded her after she died in 1483 BC.